Design storage for a multi-tenant GPU cloud. How do you keep one customer's checkpoint burst from slowing another's training run?

Two tenants can fit the average storage budget and still miss both checkpoint deadlines. Work through reservations, borrowing and bounded admission while protecting training reads, then test the design under failure.

Updated Sep 2026 · Learn how AI infrastructure works through explanations, worked examples and diagrams, then practise applying it to interview questions.

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The concepts behind this question

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Multi-Tenancy, Quotas and Fair ShareFollow three teams through GPU borrowing and reclaim. Distinguish quotas, reservations and fair sharing; see why a returning team may leave another above its nominal share, and why failures or indivisible jobs change what can be promised.

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MIG, MPS and Time-SlicingMIG, MPS and time-slicing share a GPU in different ways. Compare memory capacity, execution behavior and isolation before choosing a mechanism.

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📐 AI Systems Design🔒 Premium

Request Routing and Load Balancing for LLMsAn LLM router chooses a compatible replica, weighing queue time against reusable prompt state. Cached work helps only when the extra wait does not erase the saving.

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GPU Tenant Isolation BoundariesGPU allocation, virtual machines and network policies protect different boundaries. Trace each tenant's device, network and storage paths, then test both permitted work and forbidden access before declaring a shared GPU service isolated.

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UP NEXT ON YOUR JOURNEY

Next in this trackAfter a switch firmware update, all-reduce bandwidth across the cluster fell 20 percent. Every link is up and no errors are logged. Find it.Closest to this topicOne tenant's traffic is pushing everyone else past their latency objective. What do you do?Closest to this topicEight research teams share 1,024 GPUs. Design the quota and fairness policy, and tell me how they will game it.

FEDITOR'S NOTE

Work through reservations, borrowing and admission with two competing tenants. Protect reads, bound queued work and state what happens when capacity falls.

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